PopSpot — Ghana

PopSpot

Ghana

OpenStreetMap · place= population tag analysis

▲ Upgrade candidates · 8 ▼ Downgrade candidates · 5 ◎ Monitor · 2 Generated · 2026-04-04 09:48 UTC

Disclaimer

Whether a settlement is a village, town, or city depends on a mix of factors — population, character, local identity, available services, and geographic context — none of which point to a single clear answer. Areas near larger settlements may function as suburbs or neighbourhoods rather than distinct places, while remote settlements often feel more significant than raw numbers suggest. Since reasonable mappers frequently disagree on these judgements, any classification changes should be made thoughtfully and with awareness of local context.

Population Distribution

Population distribution by place type for Ghana. Dots show individual tagged places, with the maximum, minimum, and median population values highlighted.

Population distribution plot for Ghana

Upgrade Candidates

Places whose population is more consistent with the next-higher type's distribution than their own. Ranked by signal strength, then percentile within current type.

#	Name	Type	Population	Own %ile	%ile among next higher	Signal	Edit	OSM
1	Ayanfuri	village	29,748	100%	41%	Strong	iD JOSM Level0	node/1830247502
2	Ashaiman	town	230,000	97%	64%	Strong	iD JOSM Level0	node/1546904137
3	Takoradi	town	539,548	100%	79%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/132021012
4	Teshie	town	170,000	93%	57%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/4563121334
5	Sekondi	town	150,000	90%	43%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/132021927
6	Madina	town	140,000	86%	43%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/4509337287
7	La	town	98,683	83%	21%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/5016517876
8	Adenta	town	96,478	79%	21%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/2148020762

Downgrade Candidates

Places whose population is more consistent with the next-lower type's distribution than their own. Ranked by signal strength, then percentile within current type.

#	Name	Type	Population	Own %ile	%ile among next lower	Signal	Edit	OSM
1	Kwahu Nkwatia	town	1,000	3%	77%	Strong	iD JOSM Level0	node/2165313397
2	Oyarifa	town	4,283	7%	86%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/7723525467
3	Yendi	city	52,008	7%	52%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/1867267203
4	Bolgatanga	city	66,685	14%	66%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/434420117
5	Ho	city	83,715	21%	72%	Weak	iD JOSM Level0	node/434449745

Monitor

Places that are consistent with their current type's distribution but sit at an extreme percentile within it. No reclassification signal yet, but worth revisiting as more population data is tagged.

#	Name	Type	Population	Own %ile	Edit	OSM
1	Gomoa Fetteh	village	5,188	96%	iD JOSM Level0	node/2147840714
2	Morkwa-Bremeng	village	5,000	91%	iD JOSM Level0	node/2850316027

Step 1 — Log-normal distribution fit

For each place type (city, town, village), a log-normal distribution is fitted to the population values tagged in OSM. Specifically, the mean and standard deviation of log₁₀(population) are computed, giving each type its own statistical fingerprint.

Step 2 — Log-likelihood ratio (LLR)

Each place is scored under its own type's distribution and under each adjacent type's distribution. A positive LLR means the place's population fits the neighbouring type's distribution better than its own — a statistical signal of potential misclassification. If both adjacent types fire simultaneously, the stronger LLR determines the flag direction.

Step 3 — Percentile corroboration

The LLR signal is cross-checked against percentile ranks: where does this place sit within its own type, and where would it land in the target type? Both signals must agree for a candidate to be rated Strong.

Confidence tiers

Badge	Direction	Criteria (all must hold)
Strong	Upgrade	LLR > 1.0 · own percentile ≥ 75th · target percentile 20–65th
Strong	Downgrade	LLR > 1.0 · own percentile ≤ 25th · target percentile 35–80th
Weak	Either	LLR > 0, but one or more Strong conditions not met
Monitor	—	No LLR signal, but own percentile ≥ 90th (top) or ≤ 10th (bottom)

Why extremes are excluded from Strong

The target-type percentile window deliberately excludes both tails. A place landing below the 20th percentile among the target type would be marginal even there — a weak fit. A place landing above the 65th percentile in the target type is unusually large even for that category, suggesting the reclassification destination may be wrong (should jump two levels) or the tag is erroneous. The middle range confirms the place would be a natural, unremarkable member of the target type — the hallmark of a genuine misclassification.

Table sort order

Within each section, Strong candidates always appear before Weak ones. Within each confidence tier, upgrade candidates are sorted by own-type percentile descending (most overqualified first) and downgrade candidates by own-type percentile ascending (most underqualified first). Monitor entries are sorted by own-type percentile descending.

Statistical flags are prompts for investigation, not conclusions. Place hierarchy in OSM reflects infrastructure, administrative status, and regional importance — population alone cannot capture that.